In the summer of 1918, the former Russian tsar Nicholas II and his family were murdered at the hands of the Bolsheviks. Their bodies were purposely disfigured and buried in an unmarked grave. When the remains were discovered, almost seventy-five years later, the only forensic evidence left intact for analysis was DNA. This article tells the whole story, from the grisly murders to the DNA forensics that finally solved a decades-old mystery.