Complex Relations

Resource for Grades 9-12

Complex Relations

Media Type:
Document

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Source: Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species


Resource Produced by:

WGBH Educational Foundation

Collection Developed by:

WGBH Educational Foundation

Collection Credits

Collection Funded by:

National Science Foundation

In this text excerpted from chapter 3, "Struggle for Existence," of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, Darwin draws on firsthand and historical information for his observations about evolution.

open Background Essay

This text is excerpted from Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Drawing on research and personal observation, Darwin examines the "mutual relations of all organic beings." Through his study of competition and cooperation among plant and animal species shaped by environmental factors, Darwin describes the forces that drive evolution.

open Discussion Questions

  • Discuss how, in this remarkably concise section, Darwin demonstrates one of his most fundamental techniques: examining well-known phenomena and easily-understood phenomena among domesticated animals and plants, and then extending his observations by inference to the natural world.
  • Discuss how this document displays how Darwin understood the importance of ecological interactions in shaping the evolution of species and their interactions.
  • What connections does Darwin make between the number of cats in an area and the populations of heartsease and red clover. How might the population density of cats affect other common organisms?

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