Materials such as metals (aluminum, iron, copper, etc.), ceramics (silicon carbide, porcelain) or polymers (milk jugs made of polyethylene) are tested by scientists and engineers to reveal certain mechanical properties such as the maximum stress a material can withstand. The stress at which a material breaks is a measure of its strength. In this lesson you will be testing the strength of a delicious material you know as chocolate!
45-50 minutes
Lab - Breaking Stuff On Purpose - How Strong is a Chocolate Bar? PDF Document
Teachers Guide PDF Document
1. Students should view video clip Bend, Twist and Break: The Bridge QuickTime Video (1 minute 48 seconds)
2. Teacher should ask some of the students about a device that broke and they were not expecting it. The teacher can also discuss molecular frequency of objects and how matching the frequency can cause the object to break (such as a singer shattering a wine glass, or the wind effects on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge).
3. Students should view video clip Bend, Twist and Break: Breaking Glass QuickTime Video (1 minute 58 seconds).
4. Students should complete the laboratory activity.
5. Students can watch video clip Bend, Twist and Break: Fracture Surfaces QuickTime Video (1 minute 43 seconds) and discuss various mechanical experimental designs that would test different physical properties of the chocolate bars.
6. Using the Virtual Microscope (http://virtual.itg.uiuc.edu/), students can view the candy bar samples under an electron microscope.
7. Students can compare results and average the data.
8. Some of the candy bars can be frozen and the same experiment conducted. One major source of error here would be heating of the bar while the experiment is being conducted.